Rouhani, still viewed inside Iran as a relatively moderate cleric in the Shiite theocracy, has taken an increasingly hard-line tone in his remarks to the West.
Tehran announced it was breaking with an accord that keeps it from making nuclear weapons. The Trump administration ordered 1,000 more troops to the Mid-East.
He joined the U.S. in accusing Iran of executing attacks on two oil tankers traveling near the Strait of Hormuz, a vital trade route for Arabian energy exports.
Trump's words follow days of tension sparked by his administration's deployment of bombers and an aircraft carrier to the Persian Gulf over unspecified threats.